New Construction Home Inspection Guide

Correct depth and width per approved plans

Verify footing dimensions match structural drawings. Undersized footings cause differential settlement.

Excavated into undisturbed soil

Footings must bear on native, undisturbed soil — not fill. Soft or loose soil at bearing depth is a red flag.

No debris, water, or frost in forms

Concrete poured over debris, standing water, or frozen ground loses significant compressive strength.

Correct rebar size per structural drawings

Commonly #4 or #5 rebar. Undersized or missing rebar dramatically reduces tensile strength.

Proper spacing between bars

Spacing should match plans — typically 12 to 18 inches on center. Random or uneven placement is a defect.

Adequate cover from soil and forms

Minimum 3 inches of cover from soil-side edges. Insufficient cover leads to corrosion and spalling.

Sleeves installed for all future pipe penetrations

Pipes penetrating slab need sleeves to allow for movement and future access.

Correct slope on drain lines (1/4 inch per foot minimum)

Drain lines under slab must have proper slope. Flat or back-pitched lines cause chronic clogs and sewage backup.

Pressure test completed before pour

Air or water pressure test should be documented. A leak under slab requires breaking concrete to repair.

Vapor barrier present under entire slab area

Typically 6-mil poly sheeting. Soil moisture migrating through slab causes flooring failures and mold under finished floors.

Seams properly lapped (12 inches minimum)

Gaps or poorly lapped seams create pathways for moisture. Laps should be taped in high-moisture regions.